Cyber Risks · Unit 42 Palo Alto Networks

Detecting Popular Cobalt Strike Malleable C2 Profile Techniques

Summary: Unit 42 researchers identified two internet-hosted Cobalt Strike Team Server instances, at 23.95.44[.]80:80 and 35.224.140[.]15:443, and extracted previously unpublished Malleable C2 profiles from the Beacon binaries they hosted. The operators disguised command-and-control traffic by modifying HTTP URLs, header parameters and host headers to mimic well-known domains, and in one case hosted the Team Server on a prominent public cloud provider.

Key Takeaway: Detection logic that trusts ranked popular domains in Host headers or allow-listed cloud provider IPs is exactly what these profiles are built to exploit, and the ASN record for the destination IP is what exposed the deception in one sample.

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Topics
Malware
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