OWASP Top 10 LLM Risks 2025: Key AI Security Updates | Qualys
Summary: The OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications 2025 keeps Prompt Injection in first place, with Sensitive Information Disclosure and Supply Chain rising to second and third from their 2023 positions. Training Data Poisoning, expanded to Data and Model Poisoning, and Improper Output Handling each dropped slightly, while the list adds coverage of RAG and embedding vulnerabilities, overreliance on LLM outputs, resource management and unexpected operational costs, and unchecked permissions in agentic architectures.
What's compelling: The list's own reworking points at where real incidents landed: prompts assumed to be isolated leaked sensitive data, and agentic architectures that grant LLMs autonomy carry the risk of unintended or harmful actions when permissions go unchecked.
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